Asgiriya & Malwatte Maha Viharas – The Pillars of Buddhism in Kandy

Kandy, the last royal capital of Sri Lanka, is not only known for its breathtaking scenery but also for its deep-rooted Buddhist heritage. Among the most significant religious institutions in Kandy are the Asgiriya Maha Vihara and Malwatte Maha Vihara, which serve as the two main headquarters of the Siam Nikaya, one of the oldest Buddhist monastic orders in Sri Lanka. These viharas play a crucial role in Buddhist ordination ceremonies, religious practices, and the preservation of Kandyan-era traditions.

Asgiriya Maha Vihara – A Monastic Sanctuary

Located near the royal burial grounds, Asgiriya Maha Vihara is a historic monastery that serves as the headquarters of the Asgiriya Chapter of the Siam Nikaya. It is known for its central chapter house, which is surrounded by numerous residences for monks.

Key Highlights of Asgiriya Maha Vihara:

• Royal Connections: The temple is close to the burial grounds of Kandyan kings, emphasizing its historical importance.
• Monastic Residences: A well-structured arrangement of living quarters for Buddhist monks.
• Vijesundarama Monastery: Located within the complex, this monastery features beautiful murals from the Kandyan era and contains two image houses alongside a chapter house.

Asgiriya Maha Vihara is not just a spiritual site but also a center for Buddhist education and monastic training in Sri Lanka.

Malwatte Maha Vihara – The Guardian of Buddhist Ordination

Situated on the southern bank of Kandy Lake, Malwatte Maha Vihara is the headquarters of the Malwatte Chapter of the Siam Nikaya. It is an essential institution in Sri Lankan Buddhism and is responsible for higher ordination ceremonies (Upasampada) of Buddhist monks.

What Makes Malwatte Maha Vihara Special?

• Strategic Location: Its placement near Kandy Lake enhances its serene and sacred atmosphere.
• Buddhist Ordination Center: The temple contains a Poyage (Chapter House) where monks undergo higher ordination rituals.
• Monastic Complex: The vihara is home to multiple monasteries, serving as a training and meditation hub for Buddhist monks.

The Malwatte Chapter plays a significant role in Sri Lanka’s Buddhist hierarchy, often presiding over major religious ceremonies.

The Role of Asgiriya & Malwatte Viharas in Kandy

These two viharas hold immense influence over Buddhist practices in Sri Lanka, with their monks often guiding important religious and cultural events, including:

• The Esala Perahera Festival: One of the grandest Buddhist processions in the world.
• Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic (Sri Dalada Maligawa): Both chapters have custodial responsibilities related to the sacred relic.
• Monastic Training & Ordination: They serve as primary centers for training monks and conducting higher ordinations.

Best Time to Visit

If you want to experience these viharas in their full spiritual and cultural glory, consider visiting during:

• Esala Perahera (July-August): When both monasteries play key roles in the festival.
• Poya Days (Full Moon Days): When Buddhist rituals and ceremonies take place.
• Early Morning or Late Evening: For a peaceful and meditative atmosphere.

Conclusion

Both Asgiriya Maha Vihara and Malwatte Maha Vihara are not just temples—they are living testaments to Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage. A visit to these viharas offers an opportunity to witness the spiritual depth, architectural beauty, and historical significance of Buddhism in Kandy. Whether you’re a devout Buddhist, a history enthusiast, or a curious traveler, these sacred sites are a must-visit when exploring Kandy.