The Gardens of Polonnaruwa: A Glimpse into Sri Lanka’s Ancient Garden City

Sri Lanka’s ancient city of Polonnaruwa is not only renowned for its historical and architectural marvels but also for its lush gardens that reflect the island’s rich horticultural heritage. As described in the great chronicles, King Parakramabahu I transformed Polonnaruwa into a garden city, planting thousands of plants of every variety. Here’s a guide to help you explore the gardens of Polonnaruwa and appreciate their historical significance.

A Brief History

During his reign in the 12th century, King Parakramabahu I planted one thousand plants of every variety in the Laksa Uyana, turning Polonnaruwa into a verdant garden city. This tradition of creating beautiful gardens began during the Anuradhapura era and continued through the Polonnaruwa and Sigiriya periods. The gardens were not only a source of beauty but also served practical purposes, such as providing medicinal plants and fruits.

Key Gardens to Explore

1. Nalanda Uyana: This was the royal park located within the walled area of the city. It was a place of relaxation and recreation for the royal family and their guests. The park was meticulously designed, with a variety of plants, water features, and shaded walkways.
2. Laksa Uyana: Known for its vast collection of plants, the Laksa Uyana was a testament to King Parakramabahu I’s vision of creating a garden city. The garden was home to a diverse range of flora, including medicinal plants, fruit trees, and ornamental plants.
3. Water Gardens: Polonnaruwa’s gardens were complemented by sophisticated water management systems, including tanks, canals, and fountains. These water features not only enhanced the beauty of the gardens but also supported the city’s agricultural needs.

Tips for Travelers

• Best Time to Visit: The best time to explore the gardens of Polonnaruwa is during the dry season, from May to September. The weather is pleasant, and the gardens are in full bloom.
• Guided Tours: Consider hiring a local guide to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of the gardens. They can provide context and stories that enrich your visit.
• What to Bring: Wear comfortable walking shoes and bring a hat, sunscreen, and plenty of water. The gardens can be expansive, and you’ll want to stay hydrated as you explore.
• Photography: The lush greenery and beautiful landscapes make the gardens a great subject for photography. Make sure your camera or smartphone is ready to capture the beauty of these ancient gardens.

How to Get There

The gardens of Polonnaruwa are located within the Polonnaruwa Archaeological Park, which is about a 4-hour drive from Colombo. You can hire a private car, take a bus, or join a guided tour to reach the site. Once there, you can explore the gardens and the surrounding historical monuments on foot or by bicycle.

Conclusion

The gardens of Polonnaruwa offer a unique glimpse into Sri Lanka’s ancient horticultural heritage and the vision of King Parakramabahu I. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply a curious traveler, these gardens are sure to leave a lasting impression.

For more travel tips and guides to Sri Lanka’s top destinations, visit Sri Lanka Tour Help. Happy exploring!